Respostas de freqüência cardíaca, consumo de oxigênio e sensação subjetiva ao esforço em um exercício de hidroginástica executado por mulheres em diferentes situações com e sem o equipamento Aquafins®

Abstract

As aulas de hidroginastica estao cada vez mais diversificadas com o uso de materiais apropriados ao meio aquatico. Entretanto, poucos estudos verificaram a influencia da utilizacao de tais materiais nas respostas cardiorrespiratorias. O objetivo foi analisar as respostas de frequencia cardiaca, consumo de oxigenio e sensacao subjetiva ao esforco em mulheres durante a execucao de um exercicio de hidroginastica em diferentes situacoes com e sem o equipamento resistivo Aquafins ®. Onze mulheres realizaram o exercicio deslize frontal com a flexao e extensao horizontal de ombros em quatro situacoes: sem equipamento resistivo (S-FINS), com Aquafins ® nos membros inferiores (FINS-MIs), com Aquafins® nos membros superiores (FINS-MSs) e com Aquafins® nos membros superiores e inferiores (FINS-MIs/MSs). Em todas as situacoes foi verificado a FC, o VO2 e a SSE. Utilizou-se ANOVA para medidas repetidas, com post-hoc de Bonferroni (p < 0,05). A FC foi significativamente mais elevada nas situacoes FINS-MIs/MSs (159 ± 12bpm) e FINS-MIs (147 ± 18bpm), comparando-as com as demais situacoes. No entanto, a situacao FINS-MIs apresentou FC similar a FINS-MSs (148 ± 16 bpm). Por sua vez, as tres situacoes com o Aquafins® foram diferentes da situacao S-FINS (131 ± 14bpm). Para o VO2 houve diferenca significativa entre a situacao FINS-MIs/MSs (22,77 ± 3,58ml.kg-1.min-1), comparando-a com as demais. As situacoes FINS-MSs (19,67 ± 4,29ml.kg-1.min-1) e FINS-MIs (20,38 ± 3,99ml.kg-1.min-1) apresentaram VO2 significativamente maior que S-FINS (15,18 ± 4,67ml.kg-1.min-1). A SSE foi significativamente maior na situacao FINS-MIs/MSs (16 ± 1,55), comparando-a com FINS-MIs (14 ± 0,9) e S-FINS (13 ± 1,29), entretanto, nao foi diferente da FINS-MSs (14 ± 1,57). Portanto, a utilizacao de equipamentos que promovam resistencia ao movimento na hidroginastica e indicada para melhorias no sistema cardiorrespiratorio.

Aquatic exercise sessions are becoming increasingly diversified due to the use of apparatus appropriate to aquatic environment. However, few studies analyzed the influence of the use of such apparatus in the cardiorespiratory responses. The purpose was to analyze the heart rate, oxygen consumption and the rating of perceived exertion of effort in women during an aquatic exercise performed in different situations with and without resistive equipment, Aquafins(tm). Eleven women performed the cross country skiing exercise with horizontal shoulder flexion and extension in four situations: without resistive equipment (NO-FINS), with Aquafins(tm) on the lower limbs (FINS-LLs), with Aquafins(tm) on the upper limbs (FINS-ULs) and with Aquafins(tm) on the lower and upper limbs (FINS-LLs/ULs). In each situation HR, VO2 and SSE were verified. For data analysis, ANOVA for repeated measures were used, with the Bonferroni post-hoc test (p < 0.05). When compared to the other situations, HR was significantly higher with the FINS-LLs/ULs (159 ± 12 bpm) and FINS-LLs (147 ± 18 bpm). However, the FINS-LLs situation exhibited a similar HR to that of FINS-ULs (148 ± 16 bpm). In turn, the three situations with Aquafins(tm) were different from the NO-FINS (131 ± 14 bpm) situation. In the case of VO2, there was a significant difference between the FINS-LLs/ULs (22.77 ± 3.58 ml.kg-1.min-1) situation and the other situations. The FINS-ULs (19.67 ± 4.29 ml.kg-1.min-1) and FINS-LLs (20.38 ± 3.99 ml.kg-1.min-1) situations exhibited significantly higher VO2 levels than NO-FINS (15.18 ± 4.67 ml.kg-1.min-1). The RPE was significantly greater in the FINS-LLs/ULs (16 ± 1.55) situation when compared to FINS-LLs (14 ± 0.9) and NO-FINS (13±1.29), though there was no difference from the FINS-ULs (14 ± 1.57) situation. Therefore, the use of equipments that promote resistence to the movement in aquatic exercise is recommended to improvement in the cardiorespiratory system.