Detection, localization, and quantification of damage in structures via artificial neural networks

Abstract

This paper presents a structural health monitoring method based on artifcial neural networks (ANNs) capable of detecting, locating, and quantifying damage in a single stage. Te proposed framework employs a supervised neural network model that uses input factors calculated by modal parameters (natural frequencies or mode shapes), and output factors that represent the damage situation of elements or regions in a structural system. Unlike many papers in the literature that test damage detection methods only in numerical examples or simple experimental tests, this work also assesses the presented method in a real structure showing that it has potential for applications in real practical situations. Tree diferent cases are evaluated through the methodology: numerical simulations, an experimental lab structure, and a real bridge. Initially, a cantilever beam and a 10-bar truss were numerically analyzed under ambient vibrations with diferent damage scenarios and noise levels. Afterward, the method is assessed in an experimental beam structure and in the Z24 bridge benchmark. Te numerical simulations showed that the methodology is promising for identifying, locating, and quantifying single and multiple damages in a single stage, even with noise in the acceleration signals and changes in the frst vibration mode of 0.015%. In addition, the Z24 bridge study confrmed that the damage detection method can localize damage in real civil structures considering only natural frequencies in the input factors, despite a mean diference of 4.08% between the frequencies in the healthy and damaged conditions.