Jigging : a review of fundamentals and future directions

Abstract

For centuries, jigging has been a workhorse of the mineral processing industry. Recently, it has also found its way into the recycling industry, and the increasing concerns related to water usage has led to a renewed interest in dry jigging. However, the current scenario of increasing ore complexity and the advent of smart sensor technologies, such as sensor-based sorting (SBS), has established increasingly challenging levels for traditional concentration methods, such as jigging. Against this background, the current review attempts to summarize and refresh the key aspects and concepts about jigging available in the literature. The configuration, operational features, applications, types, and theoretical models of jigging are comprehensively reviewed. Three promising paths for future research are presented: (1) using and adapting concepts from granular physics in fundamental studies about the stratification phenomena in jigs; (2) implementing advanced control functions by using machine vision and multivariate data analysis and; (3) further studies to unlock the potential of dry jigs. Pursuing these and other innovations are becoming increasingly essential to keep the role of jigging as a valuable tool in future industry.