Brazilian Maternal and Child Nutrition Consortium : establishment, data harmonization and basic characteristics

Abstract

Pooled data analysis in the feld of maternal and child nutrition rarely incorporates data from low- and middle-income countries and existing studies lack a description of the methods used to harmonize the data and to assess heterogeneity. We describe the creation of the Brazilian Maternal and Child Nutrition Consortium dataset, from multiple pooled longitudinal studies, having gestational weight gain (GWG) as an example. Investigators of the eligible studies published from 1990 to 2018 were invited to participate. We conducted consistency analysis, identifed outliers, and assessed heterogeneity for GWG. Outliers identifcation considered the longitudinal nature of the data. Heterogeneity was performed adjusting multilevel models. We identifed 68 studies and invited 59 for this initiative. Data from 29 studies were received, 21 were retained for analysis, resulting in a fnal sample of 17,344 women with 72,616 weight measurements. Fewer than 1% of all weight measurements were fagged as outliers. Women with pre-pregnancy obesity had lower values for GWG throughout pregnancy. GWG, birth length and weight were similar across the studies and remarkably similar to a Brazilian nationwide study. Pooled data analyses can increase the potential of addressing important questions regarding maternal and child health, especially in countries where research investment is limited.