Parenthood of male inmates and socioemotional development of their children

Abstract

The present study aimed to analyze the socioemotional development of male prisoners’ children and its relationship with the parenting practices of these fathers. The 58 participants answered the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Parenting Practices Inventory, and sociodemographic questions regarding 82 children and adolescents aged 4 to 16 years (M = 8.3; SD = 3.8), mostly males (52.4%). Descriptive analyses, t-test, and Pearson correlation were performed. Conduct problems and emotional symptoms stood out, but only pro-social behaviors were different from what has been reported as typical in the literature. Discipline parenting practices were associated with greater socioemotional difficulties, especially conduct problems, while positive parenting practices, such as affection and socialization, were associated with fewer difficulties. Among the dimensions of the SDQ, the conduct problems component played a central role. Results are discussed within the context of vulnerability of the father-child relationship due to incarceration. The similarity of the findings with what has been reported in studies with the general population emphasizes the need for a critical look at the naturalization of the stigma that negatively affects children and adolescents of incarcerated parents. Their difficulties, socioemotional and behavioral problems, although similar to those of the general population, have distinct repercussions, marked by discrimination. Limitations and future directions are indicated.