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dc.contributor.authorPiva, Manoela Marchezanpt_BR
dc.contributor.authorSchwertz, Claiton Ismaelpt_BR
dc.contributor.authorHenker, Luan Cleberpt_BR
dc.contributor.authorBianchi, Ronaldo Michelpt_BR
dc.contributor.authorKemper, Regina Tosept_BR
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Bruno Albuquerque dept_BR
dc.contributor.authorNagae, R.pt_BR
dc.contributor.authorMichaelsen, Taís Reginapt_BR
dc.contributor.authorPavarini, Saulo Petinattipt_BR
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-22T05:01:03Zpt_BR
dc.date.issued2022pt_BR
dc.identifier.issn2055-5660pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10183/250152pt_BR
dc.description.abstractBackground: Non-ambulatory pigs, colloquially known as downers or downed pigs, are animals presented with limited to no mobility, usually as a result of pre-existing neurologic or musculoskeletal conditions. Impaired ambulation is a major cause of euthanasia in pigs, leading to economic losses and animal welfare concerns. Additionally, reaching the underlying diagnosis of impaired ambulation in pigs is commonly a challenging task for swine practitioners. The aim of this necropsy-based study was to report the clinical, etiological, and pathological findings of 76 non-ambulatory grower-finisher pigs, and to correlate tail-biting lesions with the causes of death/reason for euthanasia in non-ambulatory pigs. Necropsies of downed pigs were performed during on-site visits to two pig farms in southern Brazil. Results: The diagnosis of the conditions was based on the clinical, macroscopic, histopathological, bacteriological, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings. The diseases diagnosed in non-ambulatory pigs in this study were suppurative arthritis (29/76), suppurative spondylitis (10/76), PVC-2 associated diseases (8/76), bone fracture (7/76), non-suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis (4/76), suppurative meningoencephalitis (6/76), fibrocartilaginous thromboembolism (3/76), epiphysiolysis (3/76), ascending bacterial myelitis (3/76), and other conditions (3/76). The frequency of suppurative arthritis, suppurative spondylitis, and ascending bacterial myelitis/meningitis was higher in pigs with tail biting lesions than controls (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Non-ambulatory pigs were observed during the entire rearing period, however, the occurrence of non-ambulatory pigs increased in animals aged ≥ 150 days. Infectious diseases were the most common cause of downed pigs, mainly associated with chronic bacterial infections. Tail biting lesions were an important predisposing factor to suppurative arthritis, suppurative spondylitis, and ascending bacterial myelitis/meningitis.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfpt_BR
dc.language.isoengpt_BR
dc.relation.ispartofPorcine health management. London. Vol. 8 (2022), 36, 12 p.pt_BR
dc.rightsOpen Accessen
dc.subjectLesões de caudapt_BR
dc.subjectSwine pathologyen
dc.subjectNeurological diseasesen
dc.subjectCausas de mortept_BR
dc.subjectSuínospt_BR
dc.subjectLocomotor disordersen
dc.subjectTail biting lesionen
dc.subjectDeambulação prejudicadapt_BR
dc.subjectEutanásiapt_BR
dc.titleNon-ambulatory pigs in two Brazilian growing-finishing farms : a clinic, etiological and pathological perspective on 76 casespt_BR
dc.typeArtigo de periódicopt_BR
dc.identifier.nrb001148842pt_BR
dc.type.originEstrangeiropt_BR


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