Agora é que são elas: trajetórias de carreiras de mulheres motoristas de aplicativos de transportes

Abstract

A presente dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre as trajetórias de carreiras de mulheres que trabalham como motoristas de aplicativos de transporte na cidade de Porto Alegre - RS. Através da análise da trajetória de vida e carreira de cinco mulheres que dirigem para aplicativos de carona na cidade de Porto Alegre, buscou-se identificar quais conflitos e dilemas as levaram a cogitar uma carreira no setor, bem como a entender as motivações que as fizeram permanecer na profissão, visto que hoje se encontram na fase maturação das suas experiências como motoristas. A metodologia usada para alcançar esses objetivos foi a qualitativa-exploratória, na qual a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com roteiro semiestruturado com cada uma delas, sendo a metodologia da narrativa de vida usada a fim de cumprir os objetivos do estudo. As constatações principais da pesquisa foram que os conflitos pessoais, profissionais e financeiros são os principais motivadores para que as mulheres iniciem na carreira de motorista, sendo que, posteriormente ao seu início, os ganhos financeiros, atrelados à flexibilidade de agenda se tornam os fatores mais motivadores para que elas continuem exercendo a profissão. Quanto à maturação da experiência, esta ocorre porque as mulheres enxergam que através da profissão conseguem concretizar as demandas de autenticidade, balanço e desafios, dentro do que é exposto pelo modelo de carreira caleidoscópica, e também pela remuneração que recebem. Contudo, é unânime a preocupação por parte das entrevistadas com os aspectos de precarização da carreira e o receio quanto ao futuro na profissão, devido à falta de estabilidade legal dos aplicativos na cidade estudada.

The current study’s goal was to present a whole analysis about a group of women which work as professional drivers for ridesharing services platforms or applications. The study was based in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, and the group of people who were analyzed was composed by 5 different women which had driving for those ridesharing platforms as their main working activity. The analysis had the goal of verifying the conflicts which get the women to search for start a new career, as a professional driver, as well as understand their main motivations to stay executing the career activities, and the maturation process after their entrance in the driver profession. The methodology used to get those answers was qualitative, build through data collection, which was done through personal interviews made with a semi structured script. After the interviews, the methodology used to build an effective analysis was the life narrative methodology. The main conclusions found by the analysis were that personal, professional and financial conflics are the main aspects which motivated women’s drivers to start their careers as a ridesharing platform’s drivers, although what makes them stay as drivers are the financial incomes and flexibility they notice taking benefits in their agenda, which may be linked with the kaleidoscope career’s model and represents they fulfilled the authenticity, balance and challenge’s needs through working as drivers, what is described by the career model as topics every woman would try to fulfill when it comes to professional life. Related to the career maturation, it was found that women understand professional driving for ridesharing applications as an interesting new career, able to mix their desires for authenticity and life balance, although the whole group demonstrated a fear about job insecurity, which is noticed by all of them as something that is getting bigger and problematic as the times passes.