Tumor de Wilms : características clínicas e cirúrgicas

Abstract

O tumor de Wilms (TW) é o tumor renal maligno mais comum na infância. O conhecimento de certas características clínicas e a realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos adequados podem ter impacto no prognóstico desta doença. Revisados prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico de TW entre 1989 e 2005. Coletados dados demográficos, características clínicas e avaliação de procedimentos cirúrgicos. Durante o ato operatório, 38 pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação do rim contralateral através da palpação e em 13 relatos de cirurgia não foram encontradas descrições. Ruptura tumoral em 1 paciente; em dez prontuários havia registro de ausência de ruptura tumoral e em 41 prontuários não havia qualquer menção quanto à presença ou ausência dessa complicação. A histopatologia confirmou 45 casos de histologia favorável e os demais de histologia desfavorável. Os resultados apresentados permitem concluir que os pacientes estudados apresentam características demográficas gerais semelhantes aos da literatura. Considerando-se que em um número expressivo de pacientes observou-se falta de aderência a certas etapas do procedimento cirúrgico, incluindo ausência de biópsia de linfonodos e atrasos na realização da ressecção tumoral, os autores recomendam que o cirurgião pediátrico tenha uma participação mais efetiva na equipe multidisciplinar e na elaboração das rotinas do protocolo cirúrgico para pacientes com TW.

Wilms' tumor (WT) is the most common malignant renal tumor in childhood. The knowledge of the clinical characteristics and the accomplishment of standard surgical procedures may have an impact in the prognosis of this disease. Medical records of newly diagnosed WT patients treated from 1989 to 2005 were reviewed. We collected data on demographics, clinical characteristics and whether certain recommended surgical standard procedures were carried out. The surgeon in 38 patients performed palpation of the contralateral kidney and in 13 medical records there was no report whether this procedure was carried out. Tumor spillage was reported 1 patient, reported as absent in 10 patients; we were unable to find any mention about tumor rupture on the surgeon's report for 41 patients. There were 45 cases of favorable histology and 7 of unfavorable histology. The OS was of 69%, 71 %, 79%, 50% and 40% for the stages I, Il, lII, IV and V, respectively. Five years OS was 73% and 65,2% for patients submitted to surgery before and after the 6th week after diagnosis, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that patients in this study show demographic characters similar to the literature. Considering that surgeons did not performed standard recommended surgical procedure such as lymph nodes biopsy and out late surgical resection of the primary tumor in many patients, there is a need for a more participation of the surgeon in the multidisciplinary team and possibly in the designing protocols for the surgical management of patients with TW.