Ensino de matemática nas escolas normais primárias francesas, 1830-1848 : desafios sociais e culturais para a formação de professores primários
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Mathematics teaching in French écoles normales primaires, 1830-1848 : social and cultural challenges to the training of primary school teachers
L’enseignement mathématique dans les écoles normales primaires françaises, 1830-1848 : enjeux sociaux et culturels de la formation des maîtres d’école
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Abstract in Portuguese (Brasil)
No século XIX, o sistema educacional francês e o próprio ensino estavam organizados segundo as classes sociais às quais os alunos pertenciam: a escola primária constituía a escola do povo e o ensino secundário, a escola das classes abastadas. É com relação a essa dualidade escolar que este artigo enfoca o ensino de matemática ministrado nas escolas normais primárias que se desenvolveu na França, nos anos 1830, para formar os futuros professores (homens) das escolas primárias. Quais eram, precis ...
No século XIX, o sistema educacional francês e o próprio ensino estavam organizados segundo as classes sociais às quais os alunos pertenciam: a escola primária constituía a escola do povo e o ensino secundário, a escola das classes abastadas. É com relação a essa dualidade escolar que este artigo enfoca o ensino de matemática ministrado nas escolas normais primárias que se desenvolveu na França, nos anos 1830, para formar os futuros professores (homens) das escolas primárias. Quais eram, precisamente, os conteúdos desse ensino? Como ele era ministrado? Com que espírito e com quais objetivos? O propósito deste artigo é mostrar como essas instituições participaram da construção de uma cultura matemática especificamente primária para assegurar a educação dos filhos do povo, distinta da cultura escolar do ensino secundário. ...
Abstract
In the nineteenth century, the French education system, and teaching itself, was organized according to the social class the pupils came from: primary education was for the working classes, and secondary education was for the wealthier classes. In relation to this ‘educational duality,’ this paper looks at the mathematics teaching provided in the écoles normales primaires (primary teacher training colleges), which developed in France in the 1830s to train future (male) primary school teachers. ...
In the nineteenth century, the French education system, and teaching itself, was organized according to the social class the pupils came from: primary education was for the working classes, and secondary education was for the wealthier classes. In relation to this ‘educational duality,’ this paper looks at the mathematics teaching provided in the écoles normales primaires (primary teacher training colleges), which developed in France in the 1830s to train future (male) primary school teachers. What, precisely, was the content of this teaching? How was it organized? In what spirit and for what purpose was it provided? The aim of the paper is to show how these schools participated in the construction of a specifically primary mathematics culture for the education of the children from the lower classes, as distinct from the scholarly culture of secondary education. ...
Résumé
Au XIXe siècle, le système d’enseignement français, mais aussi l’enseignement lui-même, est largement organisé en fonction des classes sociales auxquelles appartiennent les élèves: l’école primaire constitue l’école du peuple, et l’enseignement secondaire celle des classes aisées. C’est par rapport à ce contexte de “dualité scolaire” que cet article s’intéresse à l’enseignement mathématique dispensé dans les écoles normales primaires qui se développent en France dans les années 1830 pour former ...
Au XIXe siècle, le système d’enseignement français, mais aussi l’enseignement lui-même, est largement organisé en fonction des classes sociales auxquelles appartiennent les élèves: l’école primaire constitue l’école du peuple, et l’enseignement secondaire celle des classes aisées. C’est par rapport à ce contexte de “dualité scolaire” que cet article s’intéresse à l’enseignement mathématique dispensé dans les écoles normales primaires qui se développent en France dans les années 1830 pour former les futurs instituteurs (hommes) des écoles primaires. Quels sont, précisément, les contenus de cet enseignement? Comment est-il organisé? Dans quel esprit et pour quels objectifs est-il dispensé? L’objet de cet article est de montrer comment ces établissements participent à la construction d’une culture mathématique spécifiquement primaire pour assurer l’éducation des enfants du peuple, distincte de la culture scolaire de l’enseignement secondaire. ...
In
Educação. Vol. 42, n. 2 (maio/ago. 2019), p. 165-177.
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